Pain dilates time perception

Time dilates after spontaneous blinking

Accumulating evidence from pharmacology, neuroimaging, and genetics indicates that striatal dopamine influences time perception [1-5]. Despite these converging results, it is not known whether endogenous variations in dopamine underlie transient fluctuations in our perception of time. Here, we exploited the finding that striatal dopamine release is associated with an increase in spontaneous eye...

Sums of Dilates

The λ-dilate of a set A is λ · A = {λa : a ∈ A}. We give an asymptotically sharp lower bound on the size of sumsets of the form λ1 ·A+ · · ·+λk ·A for arbitrary integers λ1, . . . , λk and integer sets A. We also establish an upper bound for such sums, which is similar to, but often stronger than Plünnecke’s inequality.

On Sums of Dilates

Let k be a positive integer and let A ⊂ Z. We let k · A = {ka : a ∈ A} denote the k-dilation of A, and let kA = A+ · · ·+ A (k-times) be the k-fold sumset of A. We observe that A+ k · A ⊂ A+ kA = (k + 1)A and that, in general, A+ k · A is much smaller than (k + 1)A. It is well known that |(k + 1)A| (k + 1)|A| − k, and that equality holds only if A is an arithmetic progression. Indeed, if A is a...

SnapShot: Pain Perception

Pain perception in competitive swimmers.

The pain perception of 30 competitive swimmers was studied using experimentally induced ischaemic pain. The pain thresholds and tolerances of this group were compared with those of 30 club swimmers and 26 non-competitive athletes. While pain thresholds showed little difference between the groups, pain tolerances were considerably different. Pain tolerances of the competitive swimmers varied acc...